Learn about reflexive pronouns and how to discuss gradual changes
Now Playing: Lesson Audio
Get a breakdown of the dialogue and translations instantly with the Premium line-by-line Audio. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.
| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 3 - Talking About Weather Changes in Persian. John Here. |
| Mehrnaz: سلام (salaam) I'm Mehrnaz. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn about reflexive pronouns. The conversation takes place at home while watching a TV show about climate change. |
| Mehrnaz: It's between Hassan and Parisa. |
| John: The speakers are family members, therefore, they will speak Persian informally. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| حسن: هرسال تابستون (تابستان) هوا داره (دارد) گرمتر و گرمتر میشه (می‌شود). |
| پریسا: زمساتونام (زمستان‌ها هم) دیگه (دیگر) کمتر برف میاد (می‌آید). |
| حسن: یادته (یادت هست) بچه بودیم انقدر (اینقدر) خبر سیل و خشکسالی نبود. |
| پریسا: مسئله تغییر اقلیم واقعاً جدیه (جدی است) ولی انگار کسی نمی‌خواد (نمی‌خواهد) اقدام جدی در موردش انجام بده (بدهد). |
| حسن: ما نباید منتظر دیگران باشیم. باید از خودمون (خودمان) شروع کنیم. |
| پریسا: مثلاً من چه کاری می‌تونم (می‌توانم) بکنم؟ |
| حسن: خیلی کار میشه (می‌شود) کرد. من یه (یک) لیست تو (در) روزنامه پیدا کرده بودم.... اینجاس (اینجا است). |
| پریسا: بده ببینم. |
| حسن: مثلاً بازیافت پلاستیک و کاغذ. البته بازیافت تو (در) ایران خیلی سازمان یافته نیست. |
| پریسا: آره حالا حالا ها مونده (مانده است) تا به استاندارد جهانی برسیم. |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation: |
| Hassan: Every summer, it's getting hotter and hotter. |
| Parisa: It already snows less in winters as well. |
| Hassan: Do you remember how, as kids, we wouldn't hear so much news about floods and droughts? |
| Parisa: The issue of climate change is really serious, but no one seems to take serious actions toward it. |
| Hassan: We shouldn't wait for others. We should start with ourselves. |
| Parisa: For example what can I do? |
| Hassan: You can do so much. I'd found a list in the newspaper ...here it is. |
| Parisa: Let me see. |
| Hassan: For example, recycling plastics and paper. Of course, recycling is not so organized in Iran. |
| Parisa: Yeah, it's got a long way to go to meet the global standard. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: Climate change is a serious topic that is affecting everyone the world over. |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, as we heard in this dialogue, it’s affecting Iran too. |
| John: One of the causes of climate change is burning fossil fuels, and Iran is famously rich in petroleum and natural gas, isn’t it? |
| Mehrnaz: It is. Because of this, the government doesn’t invest in renewable energies as it should. |
| John: Is that causing problems in Iran? |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, it is. Iran is already facing water shortages in some of the dry regions. |
| John: Really? How bad is the situation? |
| Mehrnaz: Lake Urmia, which is the sixth largest saltwater lake in the world, has shrunk by 10%. |
| John: Wow, that’s a big change. How about recycling in Iran? Is that popular? |
| Mehrnaz: It’s not compulsory, so many households don’t bother. |
| John: That’s not a good situation. |
| Mehrnaz: No, it isn’t. And as Iran gets less rain each year, things will just get dryer and worse unless renewable energy and recycling is invested in. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: جدی [natural native speed] |
| John: serious |
| Mehrnaz: جدی[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: جدی [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: سیل [natural native speed] |
| John: flood |
| Mehrnaz: سیل [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: سیل [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: خشکسالی [natural native speed] |
| John: drought |
| Mehrnaz: خشکسالی[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: خشکسالی [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: تغییر اقلیم [natural native speed] |
| John: climate change |
| Mehrnaz: تغییر اقلیم[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: تغییر اقلیم [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: دیگران [natural native speed] |
| John: others |
| Mehrnaz: دیگران[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: دیگران [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: خودمان [natural native speed] |
| John: ourselves |
| Mehrnaz: خودمان[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: خودمان [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: سازمان یافته [natural native speed] |
| John: organized |
| Mehrnaz: سازمان یافته[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: سازمان یافته [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: جهانی [natural native speed] |
| John: global |
| Mehrnaz: جهانی[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: جهانی [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: مسئله [natural native speed] |
| John: issue |
| Mehrnaz: مسئله[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: مسئله [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Mehrnaz: اقدام [natural native speed] |
| John: action |
| Mehrnaz: اقدام [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: اقدام [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: سازمان یافته |
| John: meaning "organized" |
| John: This is an adjective. |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, it comes from سازمان یافتن, which means "to become organized." |
| John: It’s the passive form of the verb "to organize." |
| Mehrnaz: Which is سازمان دادن. |
| John: It’s commonly used in the expression to mean "organized crime." |
| Mehrnaz: That is جرایم سازمان یافته in Persian. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say... ارتکاب جرایم سازمان یافته معمولا توسط گروه های تبهکار صورت می گیرد. |
| John: ...which means "Organized crimes are usually committed by criminal groups." |
| John: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Mehrnaz: تغییر اقلیم |
| John: meaning "climate change" |
| John: This phrase is made up of several words. The first word is, |
| Mehrnaz: تغییر, with an e, which means "change." Second is اقلیم. |
| John: This means "climate." |
| Mehrnaz: The words are in the opposite order to English. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say... تغییر اقلیم در تمامی مناطق زمین در حال رخ دادن است. |
| John: ... which means "Climate change is occurring in all regions of the world." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about reflexive pronouns. These are pronouns that, in English, have "self" attached. So, "myself," "yourself," "ourselves," "herself," and so on. |
| Mehrnaz: In Persian too, they are all made from the same word. It is خود. |
| John: This goes before the pronoun, instead of after, as it does in English. Let’s check a few. What is "myself?" |
| Mehrnaz: خودم |
| John: "Yourself." |
| Mehrnaz: خودت |
| John: "Ourselves." |
| Mehrnaz: خودمان |
| John: "yourselves" |
| Mehrnaz: خودتان. |
| John: All of these, other than "myself," are pronounced slightly differently in colloquial Persian. |
| Mehrnaz: That’s right. Do you want to hear an example? |
| John: Sure! Let’s hear the difference in "himself," "herself," and "itself." Mehrnaz will say the standard Persian, and then the colloquial version. |
| Mehrnaz: خودش [standard] and خودش [colloquial] |
| John: Now, let’s hear an example sentence. |
| Mehrnaz: داری با خودت حرف میزنی؟ |
| John: "Are you talking to yourself?" |
| Mehrnaz: خودشو (خودش را) معرفی کرد. |
| John: "She introduced herself" or "He introduced himself." Now let’s change the subject, and talk about comparative adjectives. These are adjectives you use to make a comparison, such as "hotter," "shorter," "quieter," and so on. You can use these to show gradual change. |
| Mehrnaz: To show a gradual change in Persian, you just need to add و between comparative adjectives of the same simple adjective. For example بادکنک بزرگتر و بزرگتر شد. |
| John: "The balloon got bigger and bigger." |
| Mehrnaz: Or لهجه ات داره (دارد) بهتر و بهتر میشه (می شود). |
| John: "Your accent is getting better and better." |
| Mehrnaz: رضایتم از کارم داره (دارد) کمتر و کمتر میشه (می شود). |
| John: "I’m less and less happy with my job." |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Mehrnaz: خداحافظ (khodaahaafez) |
Comments
Hide