Learn about the Iranian calendar and some negative adjectives
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 23 - Finding the Perfect Hotel in Iran. John here. |
| Mehrnaz: سلام , I’m Mehrnaz. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the Iranian Calendars and some negative adjectives. The conversation takes place at a university. |
| Mehrnaz: It's between Maryam and Farhad. |
| John: The speakers are friends, therefore, they will speak informal Persian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| فرهاد: به همون (همان) هتل پارسال میریم (می رویم)؟ |
| مریم: نه میخوام (می خواهم) یه (یک) جای جدید پیدا کنم. |
| فرهاد: چرا؟ |
| مریم: اتاقاش (اتاقهایش) کوچیک (کوچک) و کثیف بودن (بودند). |
| مریم: غذاش هم (غذایش هم) خیلی بد بود. |
| مریم: یه (یک) روز کلاً آب گرم نداشتیم. |
| مریم: بنابراین امسال اونجا (آنجا) نمیریم (نمی رویم). |
| John: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| فرهاد: به همون (همان) هتل پارسال میریم (می رویم)؟ |
| مریم: نه میخوام (می خواهم) یه (یک) جای جدید پیدا کنم. |
| فرهاد: چرا؟ |
| مریم: اتاقاش (اتاقهایش) کوچیک (کوچک) و کثیف بودن (بودند). |
| مریم: غذاش هم (غذایش هم) خیلی بد بود. |
| مریم: یه (یک) روز کلاً آب گرم نداشتیم. |
| مریم: بنابراین امسال اونجا (آنجا) نمیریم (نمی رویم). |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Farhad: Are we going to the same hotel as last year? |
| Maryam: No, I want to find a new place. |
| Farhad: Why? |
| Maryam: The rooms were small and dirty. |
| Maryam: The food was very bad, too. |
| Maryam: We had no hot water at all one day. |
| Maryam: Therefore, we won’t go there this year. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: Wow, it doesn’t sound like they had a very good vacation last year! |
| Mehrnaz: No, the hotel sounded really bad. |
| John: Going to a new hotel sounds like a good idea. What can you tell us about tourism in Iran? |
| Mehrnaz: Iran is a big melting pot of cultures. |
| John: There must be plenty to see and do there! Lots of history, too. |
| Mehrnaz: There was an old civilization in Iran that dates back over 5,000 years. |
| John: Wow. Are there many world heritage sites to see? |
| Mehrnaz: There are more than 17, and Iran also has a lot of nature to see. |
| John: It sounds like a great place to visit for tourists all over the world. |
| Mehrnaz: It is, but Iran still lacks infrastructure, and some tourists may not think it’s safe. |
| John: Where do tourists usually visit? |
| Mehrnaz: Usually Shiraz and Isfahan. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: امسال [natural native speed] |
| John: this year |
| Mehrnaz: امسال[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: امسال [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, we have... |
| Mehrnaz: پارسال [natural native speed] |
| John: last year |
| Mehrnaz: پارسال[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: پارسال [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, we have... |
| Mehrnaz: تمیز [natural native speed] |
| John: clean |
| Mehrnaz: تمیز[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: تمیز [natural native speed] |
| John: Next up is... |
| Mehrnaz: پیدا کردن [natural native speed] |
| John: to find |
| Mehrnaz: پیدا کردن[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: پیدا کردن [natural native speed] |
| John: Then, we have... |
| Mehrnaz: گرم [natural native speed] |
| John: warm |
| Mehrnaz: گرم [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: گرم [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, there’s... |
| Mehrnaz: کثیف [natural native speed] |
| John: dirty |
| Mehrnaz: کثیف [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: کثیف [natural native speed] |
| John: Then, there’s... |
| Mehrnaz: همان [natural native speed] |
| John: the same |
| Mehrnaz: همان[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: همان [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, we have... |
| Mehrnaz: نو [natural native speed] |
| John: new |
| Mehrnaz: نو [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: نو [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, we have... |
| Mehrnaz: غذا [natural native speed] |
| John: food |
| Mehrnaz: غذا[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: غذا [natural native speed] |
| John: And lastly... |
| Mehrnaz: بنابراین [natural native speed] |
| John: therefore |
| Mehrnaz: بنابراین[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: بنابراین [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: امسال |
| John: ...meaning "this year.” |
| John: There are several synonyms that have the same meaning. |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, such as این سال. |
| John: “this year” |
| Mehrnaz: همین سال |
| John: “this very year” |
| Mehrnaz: And finally, سال حاضر, also meaning “this year,” is fairly formal. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say امسال خونه (خانه) میخریم. |
| John: ...which means "This year we're going to buy a home." |
| John: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Mehrnaz: پارسال |
| John: ...meaning "last year" |
| John: This follows up nicely from the last expression. Let’s look at some synonyms. |
| Mehrnaz: There is سال گذشته. |
| John: “last year” |
| Mehrnaz: سال قبل |
| John: “the previous year” |
| Mehrnaz: سال گذشته can be used in formal situations. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say پارسال رفت اسپانیا. |
| John: ...which means "Last year he/she went to Spain." |
| John: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Mehrnaz: بنابراین |
| John: ...meaning “therefore, then, for” |
| John: This has three words, so can you explain them for us? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. First is بنا, meaning “based,” then there’s بر... |
| John: ...which means “on.” What’s the last word? |
| Mehrnaz: این |
| John: This means “this.” It literally translates into “based on this.” |
| Mehrnaz: A less formal word you can use instead is پس. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say.. بنابراین این‍جا می مونیم (می مانیم). |
| John: ...which means "Therefore, we'll stay here." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about the Iranian Calendars and some negative adjectives. I notice that “calendars” is plural… |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, there are three main calendars that Iranians use in everyday life. |
| John: What are they? |
| Mehrnaz: First is the Iranian, or Jalali, calendar. |
| John: This is a solar calendar that was created in 1079 and is said to be one of the most accurate in the world. |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, in the Jalali calendar months were calculated based on precise solar transit times. |
| John: It sounds complicated! What is the second calendar that is used in Iran? |
| Mehrnaz: The Gregorian calendar. Most of our listeners will know this one. |
| John: Yes, this is the same calendar used around the world, especially in Western and Christian countries. It’s a rule-based calendar, unlike the Iranian calendar. Mehrnaz, what’s the third calendar? |
| Mehrnaz: The Islamic calendar. This is used in Iran and predominantly Muslim countries to observe Islamic events. |
| John: Let’s go back to the Iranian calendar now. Merhnaz, can you tell us the twelve months of that calendar? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. فروردین |
| John: This starts on either March 20th, or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: اردیبهشت |
| John: This starts on either April 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: خرداد |
| John: This starts on either May 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: تیر |
| John: This starts on either June 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: مرداد |
| John: This starts on either July 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: شهریور |
| John: This starts on either August 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: مهر |
| John: This starts on either September 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: آبان |
| John: This starts on either October 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: آذر |
| John: This starts on either November 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: دی |
| John: This starts on either December 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: بهمن |
| John: This starts on either January 20th or 21st. |
| Mehrnaz: اسفند |
| John: This starts on either February 20th or 21st. Now, let’s move onto some negative adjectives. How do we say “dirty” in Persian? |
| Mehrnaz: کثیف. Another negative adjective is خشن |
| John: Meaning “rough.” Of course, when you use negative adjectives, you have to be careful and try not to offend anyone. |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, be especially careful with words such as چاق or زشت. |
| John: “Fat” and “ugly”, respectively. Now, let’s hear some sentences. |
| Mehrnaz: بچه بی ادبی دارن (دارند). |
| John: “They have a rude kid.” |
| Mehrnaz: سمن خیلی پرحرفه (پرحرف است). |
| John: “Saman is too talkative.” |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Mehrnaz: خداحافظ. |
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