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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PersianPod101.com This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 12 - What Do You Like to Eat in Iran? John here. |
| Mehrnaz: سلام (salaam), I'm Mehrnaz. |
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about modal verbs. The conversation takes place at a restaurant. |
| Mehrnaz: It's between Fariba and Farhad. |
| John: The speakers are classmates, therefore, they will speak informal Persian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| سیما: هدی می گفت ماهی پلوشون (پلوشان) خوشمزه اس (است). |
| فرهاد: من فسنجون رو (فسنجان را) میخوام (می خواهم) امتحان کنم. |
| سیما: باید بپرسی ببینی شیرینه (شیرین است) یا ترشه (ترش است)؟ |
| فرهاد: برام (برای من) فرقی نمیکنه (نمی کند). هر دومزه را (رو) دوست دارم. |
| سیما: سوپ قارچ سفارش بدیم (بدهیم)؟ |
| فرهاد: این خامه داره (دارد). من خامه دوست ندارم. |
| سیما: سوپ کلم چی؟ تند هم هست. |
| فرهاد: من غذای تند دوست ندارم. |
| سیما: پس باید سوپ عدس سفارش بدیم (بدهیم). |
| فرهاد: این انتخاب بهتریه (بهتری است). |
| John: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| سیما: هدی می گفت ماهی پلوشون (پلوشان) خوشمزه اس (است). |
| فرهاد: من فسنجون رو (فسنجان را) میخوام (می خواهم) امتحان کنم. |
| سیما: باید بپرسی ببینی شیرینه (شیرین است) یا ترشه (ترش است)؟ |
| فرهاد: برام (برای من) فرقی نمیکنه (نمی کند). هر دومزه را (رو) دوست دارم. |
| سیما: سوپ قارچ سفارش بدیم (بدهیم)؟ |
| فرهاد: این خامه داره (دارد). من خامه دوست ندارم. |
| سیما: سوپ کلم چی؟ تند هم هست. |
| فرهاد: من غذای تند دوست ندارم. |
| سیما: پس باید سوپ عدس سفارش بدیم (بدهیم). |
| فرهاد: این انتخاب بهتریه (بهتری است). |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Sima: Hoda said their mahi polo is yummy! |
| Farhad: I want to try fesenjoon! |
| Sima: You should ask to see if it's sweet or sour. |
| Farhad: For me, it doesn't matter. I like both tastes. |
| Sima: Shall we order mushroom soup? |
| Farhad: It has cream in it. I don't like cream. |
| Sima: How about cabbage soup? It's spicy as well! |
| Farhad: I don't like spicy food. |
| Sima: Then we must order lentil soup. |
| Farhad: That's a better choice. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: Mehrnaz, let’s talk about Iranian cuisine. What can you tell us about it? |
| Mehrnaz: Iranian cuisine is diverse, and each part of the country has its own unique ingredients and culinary style. However, Iranian dishes have been influenced by Iran's neighboring countries. |
| John: What is a typical Iranian main dish? |
| Mehrnaz: Typical Iranian main dishes are combinations of rice with meat, such as lamb, beef, chicken, or fish, and vegetables. Fresh green herbs are often used along with fruits such as plums, quince, prunes, pomegranates, apricots, and raisins. |
| John: As we already mentioned in the last lesson, rice is a staple food. |
| Mehrnaz: Right, and there are 3 different ways of cooking it: polo, kateh, and damy. |
| John: What’s the Persian for “home-cooked food”? |
| Mehrnaz: غذای خانگی. You should know that home-cooked food is much different from what people eat in restaurants. Usually stews and soups are cooked at home, while kebabs, some breakfasts, and skewered meat and chicken are made mostly in restaurants. |
| John: I wish I could taste both! ...but now onto the vocab! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Mehrnaz: خوشمزه [natural native speed] |
| John: delicious |
| Mehrnaz: خوشمزه[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: خوشمزه [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Mehrnaz: امتحان کردن [natural native speed] |
| John: to try, to try on |
| Mehrnaz: امتحان کردن[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: امتحان کردن [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Mehrnaz: پرسیدن [natural native speed] |
| John: to ask |
| Mehrnaz: پرسیدن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: پرسیدن [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Mehrnaz: شیرین [natural native speed] |
| John: sweet |
| Mehrnaz: شیرین[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: شیرین [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Mehrnaz: ترش [natural native speed] |
| John: sour |
| Mehrnaz: ترش[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: ترش [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Mehrnaz: برام فرقی نمیکنه (برای من فرقی نمی‌‌کند) [natural native speed] |
| John: It is the same for me. |
| Mehrnaz: برام فرقی نمیکنه (برای من فرقی نمی‌‌کند)[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: برام فرقی نمیکنه (برای من فرقی نمی‌‌کند) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Mehrnaz: سوپ قارچ [natural native speed] |
| John: mushroom soup |
| Mehrnaz: سوپ قارچ[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: سوپ قارچ [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Mehrnaz: خامه [natural native speed] |
| John: sour cream, cream |
| Mehrnaz: خامه[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: خامه [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Mehrnaz: تند [natural native speed] |
| John: spicy |
| Mehrnaz: تند[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: تند [natural native speed] |
| John: And last.. |
| Mehrnaz: انتخاب [natural native speed] |
| John: choice |
| Mehrnaz: انتخاب [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: انتخاب [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Mehrnaz: برام فرقی نمی کنه. |
| John: meaning "It does not matter to me." Could you break this sentence down? |
| Mehrnaz: برام, (baraam) means "for me," فرقی (farqi) "difference" and نمی کنه (nemikoneh) "do not." Literally, the whole sentence means, "it doesn't change anything for me." |
| John: We can also translate it as “It is the same for me” |
| Mehrnaz: We use this sentence when we want to show a lack of interest in a matter or action. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say.. برام فرقی نمی کنه کجا بخوابم. |
| John: ..which means "It does not matter where I sleep." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: انتخاب بهتر |
| John: meaning "Better choice." What can you tell us about this phrase? |
| Mehrnaz:This phrase is used when we want to advise or convince someone or ourselves of a choice that we know is better, or even the best choice. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say.. برای شام غذای ژاپنی یک انتخاب بهتر است. |
| John: .. which means "Japanese food is a better choice for dinner." |
| Mehrnaz: Please notice that when we use بهتر, behtar ("better"), it always comes after انتخاب, entekhaab ("choice"), but when we use بهترین, behtarin ("best"), it always comes before انتخاب, entekhaab ("choice"). For example سفر به شیراز یک انتخاب بهتر است |
| John: "A trip to Shiraz is a better choice" |
| Mehrnaz: Or, سفر به شیراز بهترین انتخاب است |
| John: meaning "A trip to Shiraz is the best choice" |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about modal verbs. Let’s get started with the word that means “must,” or “should.” |
| Mehrnaz: Baayad, باید, means “must,” or ”should.” For all pronouns, we can use the word baayad. We can also choose to start the sentence with baayad or place it right after the subject. |
| John: Which is the word that means “have to”? |
| Mehrnaz: Majboor, مجبور and it always comes before an auxiliary verb. For example مجبورشدن (majboor shodan) or مجبور کردن (majboor kardan) |
| John: Meaning “to have to,” “to make to," or “to force,” respectively. |
| Mehrnaz: Here is a sample sentence من مجبور شدم به شیراز بروم. |
| John: “I had to go to Shiraz.” |
| Mehrnaz: آنها من را مجبور کردند که حرف نزنم. |
| John: “They forced me not to speak.” Ok, let’s get back to “must” |
| Mehrnaz: Baayad is used for imperative sentences when something has to be done. Usually, baayad is not combined with auxiliary verbs. |
| John: So what is the Persian for “I must go”? |
| Mehrnaz: باید بروم. |
| John: “we must go”? |
| Mehrnaz: باید برویم. |
| John: Also in this case, are there any differences with the spoken forms? |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, spoken forms are usually shortened, so “I must go” sounds like باید برم. And “we must go” as باید بریم. |
| John: Let’s give some sample sentences. |
| Mehrnaz: Sure, ما باید به دانشگاه برویم. |
| John: “We must go to university.” |
| Mehrnaz: شما باید غذا بخورید. |
| John: “You must eat food.” Ok, let’s conclude this lesson by adding some information about honorific forms in Persian. |
| Mehrnaz: Honorific forms in Persian can be used with ordinary people or very important people. |
| John: Iran had castes in its culture throughout history. |
| Mehrnaz: Right, so respect for people is reflected in the language. We are obligated to show our respect to teachers, religious leaders, parents, managers, politicians in power, and elderly people by our body language as well. |
| John: Let’s see some of the forms we have studied today. How do they change in the honorific version? |
| Mehrnaz: For example “You must go” is باید تشریف ببرید. “He must eat” is باید میل بفرمایند. |
| John: What about a whole sentence? Let’s say “They had to come home.” |
| Mehrnaz: In the plain form that is آنها مجبور شدند به خانه بیایند. , while in the honorific form is آنها مجبور شدند به خانه تشریف بیاورند. |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Mehrnaz: خداحافظ (khodaahaafez) |
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